Today in History in 1901 Vice President Theodore Roosevelt utters the famous phrase, "Speak softly and carry a big stick" at the Minnesota State Fair.

Our on this day in history archives contain over 200,000 events, birthdays and deaths from 6,000 years of history. Here is a roundup of a few of them:

September 2 is the 245th day of the year (246th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 120 days remaining until the end of the year.

EVENTS

44 BC – Pharaoh Cleopatra VII of Egypt declares her son co-ruler as Ptolemy XV Caesarion.

31 BC – Roman Civil War: Battle of Actium – Off the western coast of Greece, forces of Octavian defeat troops under Mark Antony and Cleopatra.

1192 - The Third Crusade ends, after a peace agreement Sultan Saladin and Richard I of England.

1649 – The Italian city of Castro is completely destroyed by the forces of Pope Innocent X, ending the Wars of Castro.

1666 – The Great Fire of London breaks out and burns for three days destroying 10,000 buildings including St. Paul's Cathedral.

1667 - Street lighting is introduced in Paris.

1752 – The United Kingdom adopts the Gregorian calendar, nearly two centuries later than most of Western Europe.

1789 – United States Department of the Treasury was founded.

1792 – During what became known as the September Massacres of the French Revolution, rampaging mobs slaughtered three Roman Catholic Church bishops and more than two hundred priests.

1806 - A massive landslide destroys the town of Goldau, Switzerland, killing 457 people.

1807 – British Navy bombards Copenhagen with fire bombs and phosphorus rockets to stop Denmark from surrendering its fleet to Napoleon. 70% of the city was destroyed and 2000 citizens were killed.

1811 - The University of Oslo is founded as The Royal Fredericks University, named after King Frederick VI of Denmark and Norway.

1859 - A solar super storm affects the electrical telegraph service.

1862 – American Civil War: President Abraham Lincoln reluctantly restores Union General George McClellan to full command after General John Pope's disastrous defeat at the Battle of Second Bull Run.

1864 – American Civil War: Union forces under General William T. Sherman enter Atlanta, Georgia a day after the Confederate defenders fled the city.

1867 – Mutsuhito, the Meiji Emperor of Japan marries Ichijo Masako. The Empress consort is thereafter known as Lady Haruko.

1870 – Franco-Prussian War: Battle of Sedan – Prussian forces defeat the French armies and take emperor Napoleon III and 100,000 of his soldiers prisoner at Sedan.

1885 – In Rock Springs, Wyoming, 150 white miners attack their Chinese coworkers, killing 28, wounding 15, and forcing several hundred more out of town.

1898 – Battle of Omdurman – British and Egyptian troops led by Horatio Kitchener defeat Sudanese tribesmen led by Khalifa Abdullah al-Taashi, thus establishing British dominance in the Sudan.

1901 – Vice President Theodore Roosevelt utters the famous phrase, "Speak softly and carry a big stick" at the Minnesota State Fair.

1935 – Labor Day Hurricane of 1935: A large hurricane hit the Florida Keys killing 423.

1939 – Following the invasion of Poland, Freie Stadt Danzig Danzig (now Gdańsk, Poland) ruled by Nazi leader Forster is annexed to Nazi Germany.

1944 – Holocaust: Diarist Anne Frank and her family are placed on the last transport train from Westerbork to Auschwitz. They arrive three days later.

1945 – World War II ends: The final official surrender of Japan was accepted by General Douglas MacArthur and Admiral Chester Nimitz aboard the battleship Missouri in Tokyo Bay.

1945 – Vietnam declares its independence forming the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam).

1946 - A caretaker government is formed in India, with Jawaharlal Nehru taking Prime Ministerial powers.

1957 - South Vietnamese leader Ngo Dinh Diem makes the first-ever state visit to Australia.

1958 - United States Air Force C-130 A-II is shot down by fighters over Yerevan, Armenia, when it strays into Soviet airspace while conducting a mission, killing all crew members.

1960 - First election to Parliament of Central Tibetan Administration.

1963 – CBS Evening News becomes network television's first half-hour weeknight news broadcast, when the show is lengthened from 15 to 30 minutes.

1967 – The microstate Principality of Sealand unilaterally declared its independence.

1969 – The first automatic teller machine in the United States is installed in Rockville Centre, New York.

1970 - NASA cancels two planned Moon missions, Apollo 15 and Apollo 19.

1973 - France pulls its last troops out of Madagascar.

1984 - Typhoon Ike kills over 1,400 people.

1987 – In Moscow, the trial of 19-year-old pilot Mathias Rust, who flew his Cessna airplane into Red Square in May 1987, begins.

1990 - Transnistria is declared a Soviet republic on its own right. Mikhail Gorbachev declares the move illegal.

1991 – The United States recognizes the independence of the Baltic states: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

1992 - An earthquake in Nicaragua kills 116 people.

1995 – Rock and Roll Hall of Fame opens in Cleveland, Ohio. The building was designed by I. M. Pei.

1995 - Frank Bruno becomes Boxing Heavyweight Champion, defeating Oliver McCall in London.

1998 – In Canada, pilots for Air Canada launch the first strike in company's history.

1998 – A McDonnell Douglas MD-11 airliner carrying Swissair Flight 111 crashes near Peggys Cove, Nova Scotia after taking off from New York City en route to Geneva. All 229 people on board are killed.

1998 – A United Nations court finds Jean-Paul Akayesu, the former mayor of a small town in Rwanda, guilty of nine counts of genocide, marking the first time that the 1948 law banning genocide is enforced.

2001 – Cartoon Network begins its adult-orientated block, Adult Swim.

2004 - Resolution 1559: The United Nations Security Council calls for the withdrawal of all foreign troops from Lebanon.

2013 - The new eastern part of the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge opens to traffic.

2016 - President of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov dies aged 78, after several days of speculation over his ill health.

2018 - National Museum of Brazil fire: The National Museum of Brazil in Rio de Janeiro is heavily damaged by fire. Many cultural treasures are lost in the blaze.

2019 - Sinking of MV Conception: 34 people are killed when the boat "MV Conception" goes on fire and sinks near Santa Cruz, California.